TMCnet News
Monday TECHtionary.com TECH-Tip – Case Study - FTTH-Fiber-To-The-Home StrategyThe animated TECH-Tip tutorial is available at http://www.techtionary.com Summary There are many kinds of FTTH-Fiber-To-The-Home (curb or building or anything) systems. Some use PON-Passive Optical Network systems (less electronics) by using different physical optical fibers for different services Details There are many kinds of FTTH-Fiber-To-The-Home (curb or building or anything) systems. Some use PON-Passive Optical Network systems (less electronics) by using different physical optical fibers for different services. For example, one fiber is for video television distribution and another separate fiber for bi-directional (two-way) data and voice services. Shown here is an example of how FTTH is being deployed, there will be other architectures and systems used. Thanks to Qwest for their assistance in this tutorial. Shown here is a typical satellite dish receive antenna array located at the headend. There are multiple receive antennas as they are aimed at different geo-stationary (rotate at the same speed as the earth to remain in the same stationary place) satellites because various television programs are on different satellites. The "headend" (shown here) contains television channel receivers and main amplifiers. The headend may also contain the NOC-Network Operations Center for diagnostic testing and signal analysis. See other TECHtionary tutorials for specific CATV terms. Electrical signals from the headend are converted into optical signals through an OADM-Optical Amplifier Division Multiplexer. In many newer PON-Passive Optical Networks to reduce points of failure, electrical outages and repair costs, there are no or few OADM amplifiers between the Headend and the customer premise equipment or CPE. Where OADM-Optical Amplifier Division Multiplexers or optical amplifiers are needed, various types of optical "xboxes or crossboxes" (to connect between cables) are installed. In addition, these installations can be co-located with twisted-pair copper DSLAM-Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers and other devices. FTTH-Fiber-To-The-Home (curb) systems use various types of PON-Passive Optical Network systems (less electronics) by using different optical frequencies for different services. In some systems, four feeder optical cables serve a PON Cabinet. Typically, PON Cabinets serve up to 128 customers with two-fibers each. Customers can be changed or migrated from twisted-pair or coaxial copper connections by changing connectors. The ONT-Optical Network Terminal is the point of interface between the telephone network and the home. Attached to the outside of the customer premise, the ONT terminates the optical signal (over fiber) and converts it to three electrical signals (voice, data and video). CSWC-Centralized Structured Wiring Cabinet is a common interconnection or interface location for communications wiring in the home such as TP-Twisted-Pair, UTP-Unshielded TP, CAT5/e-CATegory 5-Enhanced multi-twisted-pair LAN-Local Area Network, BPL-Broadband over Power Lines, WiFi-Wireless-Fidelity, Coax-Coaxial cable and optical fiber. The signals are transmitted from the ONT-Optical Network Terminal to the CSWC and then distributed from the CSWC throughout the house. In some cases, multi-protocol (TP, coax, etc.) interface is provided by a RG-Residential Gateway. Cable Runs (the location and placement of cable): There are generally three types of cable wiring types used to provide service to the home. One is called Quad or 4-wire used with a RJ-11 for telephone. Second, is CAT5e-Category 5-Enhanced TP-Twisted Pair used with a RJ-45 jack for voice and data service. Third, is an RCA-plug with RG-6 75 Ohm coaxial cable that is used for video service. According to Qwest, "the home owner discusses with the builder where and how many jacks (for voice, data and video) should be placed in their home." Wall Jacks are physical extensions of the ports in the CSWC-Centralized Structured Wiring Cabinet to the rooms in the house where the homeowner plans to use the phone, computer and/or TVs. There are several varieties: universal jack for video and data; phone & data jack for voice (RJ-11) and high-speed Internet access RJ-45), including wireless; and blank jack for future services. The rest of the animated TECHtionary tutorial will review CATV systems. For example, older CATV systems were designed for one-way broadcast downstream television distribution. TECHtionary http://www.techtionary.com is the World's First and Largest Animated (rich media) Library/Magazine on Technology - Web Hosting Magazine’s Editor’s Choice for Technical Help. TECHtionary has more than 2,650+ free tutorials on data, internet, wireless, VoIP-Voice over Internet Protocol (internet telephony), PBX systems, central office switching, protocols, telephony, telecommunications, networking, routing, IPTV, WiMax, power systems, broadband, WiFi-Wireless Fidelity and other technologies. TECHtionary.com provides "just enough – just-in-time" critical success information. TECHtionary produces web infomercials proven to "increase revenues, decrease customer support costs and increase customer satisfaction." Tom Cross CEO of TECHtionary is the Security and Emerging Technology Columnist for TMCnet, Technology Columnist for Telecommunications Magazine and member of the Technical Board of Advisors for the VOIP-Security Alliance. TECHtionary also publishes animated medical tutorials at http://www.msnopedia.com Corporate Office – 303-444-6226 |